Ratchet-drill



J. M. SHERMAN.

RATGHET DRILL.

' No. 345,547. Patented July 1.3, 1886..

N. ne c.

the bore.

UNITED Y STATES PATENT OEETCE.

JAMES M. SHERMAN, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

RATCHET-DRILL.

SPECFTCATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 345,547, dated .ll'uly 13, 1886.

Application filed December 30. 1885. Serial No. 187,151. (No model.)

To alwhom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMEs M. SHERMAN, of the city of St./Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Ratchet-Drills with Sel f- Adjusting Heads, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, and in which- Figures l and 2 are side views showing the adjustable head placed with its axis respectively coincident and obliquely to the axis of Fig. 3 is a transverse section at 3 3, Fig. 1. Fig'. 4. is a transverse section at 4 4, Fig. l. Fig. 5 is a transverse section at 5 5, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail section at 6 6, Fig. 1, with the head inverted; and Fig. 7 is a detail section on line 7 7, Fig. 1, with the center point inverted.

My invention relates to a ratchet-drill with a stationary center bearing and adjustable head-rest; and :my invention consists in features of novelty hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims. y

Referring to the drawings, in which similar letters designate like parts in the several iigures, A represents one of my ratchet-drills; B and BX, respectively, the lower and upper stocks ofthe drill; C, the drill-bit, and D the ratchet-whcel,with which a pawl, E, engages, its fixed end E' being attached to the operating-lever F, which is secured in working position to the ratchet, in the usual manner, by bands F' or otherwise.

A' represents the feed-screw, which is so connected to the lower stock, B, as to permit of the necessary relative rotation of the two.

This screw engages at its upper end withcorresponding screwthreads, A2, formed upon the interior of a socket-piece, B', said socket bein suchamanner as to permit of their relative rotation. In the present instance Ihave shown a circumferential groove, B3, cut in the socket B', with which engages the extremity of a screw, B2, tapped through the stock BX. This will be seen to permit of the free rotary, but to prevent longitudinal, movement of the parts relatively to each other.

G' represents a stem' or spindle, the lower portion of which is cylindrical and fits a coring in turn connected to the upper stock, BX,

the intervention of a bearing-plate, H, said.

extremity being dressed to a point, G, so as to redu cc the bearin g-surface to a minimum. The bearing-plate H may be ofany desired length, and provided with any desired number of either perforations or indentations, H', for receiving, centering, and steadying the upper extremity ofthe stem G'. I do not desire to'limit myself to the use of either the one or the other, as it is obvious that each will center the stem equally well. I will, however, for the sake of brevity, refer to them throughout this specification as indentations 'lhe bearing-plate is passed through and bears against the'upper side of an 4eye formed through the upper stock, BX, and is centered and held by set- `screws I', tapped into the said stock and bearing against it. From what has already been said it may be seen that the pressure is transmitted from the bit C to the lower stock, B, thence to the feed-screw A', thence to the socket B', thence to the stem G' G, thence to the bearing-plate H, and thence to the upper stock, BX. The stem G' G' heilig thus relied upon for transmitting the pressure,it is essential that it should beheld absolutely against all lateral motion, and it is to this end that it is given a conical bearing in the upper end of the socket B', (which, it will be understood, automatically takes up the wear between the frietion-surhices) and its lower end extended far down into the bore formed in the feedscrew A. The slightlongitudinal movement of the parts B' and B for the purpose of taking up wear is provided for by forming the groove B3 in the former somewhat wider than the extremity of the screw B2 which enters it. This last :motion is also necessary in order to permit the withdrawal of the point G from its socket H in the plate H when the latter is to be moved to bring a fresh socket, H', to operative position.

L represents the head-rest of the drill,whose bearing-surface is preferably lat (at right an- IGO glcs to its axis) and serrated or toothed, in order that it may the more firmly engage the abutment by which the pressure is exerted.

J and K represent, respectively, the ball and the socket of the universal joint by which the head L is secured to the socket. I have shown the ball secured to the stock and the socket in the head L, but do not desire to limit myself to this particular arrangement, as the reverse would accomplish the desired end equally well.

By incorporating a universal joint in the stock-drill all lateral strains resulting from any irregularities or inequalities in the surface of the abutment which engages the head are avoided, as it will be seen that said head will automatically accommodate itself to such inequalities, always bearing on all sides with equal pressure. rIhis dispenses with the need for wedges, &c., which are usually employed to till any spaces that may bc left between one side of the .(ixcd head and the abutment which bears upon it when the surface of the latter is not exactly at right angles to the line of pressure.

Let it be observed that the advantages of my invention may be secured by other ar rangements of the parts than that shown. For example, the feed-screw A', the hollow socket B', in which it works, thc hollow stock Bx,and the central bearing-stem, may be inverted with respect to the stock B and head-rest L, and the same operation would result.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

I. Ina drill, the combination, with the hollow stock B* and the central bearing-stem extending upward thereinto, ofthe bearing-plate adjustable transversely to the axis ofsaid stem, and having the indcntations for the reception of the bearingpoint of said stem, substantially as set forth.

2. In a drill, the combination, with the hollow stock Bk', having the eye therethrough and the central bcaringstem extending upward thcreinto, of the elongated plate adjustable in said eye, and havinganumbcr of indentations for receiving` and centering the extremity of said stem, as set forth.

3. In a drill, the combination, with the hollow stock BX, the hollow socket B', and the feedscrew A', entering said socket, and having the axial bore G2, of the central stein (upon the extremity of which said stock bears) ex tending through a central perforation in the socket B' and into the bore G2 of the screw A', as and for the purposes set forth.

it. In a drill, the combination of the hollow stock BX, the internally-screw-thrcaded socket B', projecting7` thereinto and having the conical aperture formed axially through its upper end, the feed-screw A', entering said socket and having the axial bore G2, and the central bearing-stem entering said bore Cr? at its lower end, and having near its upper end the conical enlargement fitting the conical bore in the socket-piece B', substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. In a drill, the combination, with the hollow stock BX and a socketpicce entering said stock, and having a conical bcaringsocket formed axially therein, of a central bearingstenl having a conical enlargementfitting said socket, and a bearing carried by said stock, with which the extremity of said stem cngages, substantially as set forth.

G. In a drill, the combination, with the hollow stock BX and the socket-piece B', entering said stock, and having the elongated screwthreaded socket and the axial perforation, of the central stem, G', bearing upon said socketpicce B' and affording a bcari ng for said stock BX, as set forth, and the feed-screw A', entering said scrcw-threaded socket, and having a central perforation or bore for the reception of one extremity of said stem, for the purpose described.

7. In adriil, the combination, with the stock BK, the socket-piece B', and the central bcaring-stem, of an adjustable bcaring-platc having a number of indentations for receiving and centering said stem, as set forth.

8. The combination of the hollow stock B, the internally-screw-thrcaded socket-piece B', having the circumferential groove B'z and the conical perforation formed axially through its upper end, the sct-screw B2, tapped into said stock and engaging said groove, and the stem G', having the conical enlargement fitting said conical socket, as and for the purposes set forth.

JAMES M. SHERMAN.

In presence of SMIL. KNIGHT, J on. WAnLn. 

